Walt Whitman :: essays research papers

Walt Whitman Walt Whitman was born in a rural village on Long Island N.Y. on May, 31 1819. He went to school to five to six years, although he received most of his education from the literature he read. His first jobs consisted of being a printer and a school teacher. At the age of 27 he became editor of the Brooklyn Daily Eagle, dismissed two years later because he had radically liberal views. In the early 1850’s he went back home to build houses with his father. Emerson believed Whitman wrote for the complete person, one that is willing to listen to one self. Whittier, however, judged Whitman’s work as â€Å"loose, lurid, and impious†. In 1855 the First edition of â€Å"Leaves of Grass†, this was classified as â€Å"poetry of barbarism† because it was radical, talking about things like sexuality, and it used exotic and vulgar language. His songs were songs not only of occupations but of sex and the body. He sand of masturbation, the sexual organism and the sexual act; he was one of the first poets to write of the â€Å"body electric,† of female eroticism, homosexuality love, and the anguish of repressed desire.(text book page 2846) He continued to revise this piece in the years 1856 and 1860. By the completion of â€Å"Leaves of Grass† it had 9 editions with more than 400 poems. In 1865 after working as a nurse in the Civil War he wrote â€Å"Drum-Taps†, he gathered in this into the fourth edition of â€Å"Leaves of Grass†. At 54 he suffered paralytic stroke and 19 years later he Died 19 years later in New Jersey. Whitman Became known in America as â€Å"Great Gray Poet†. Whitman gained more influence on America after his death. He was a modern man because he created his own rhythms using free verse. Leaves of grass was probably his most instrumental writing consisting of over 400 poems and would eventually become the most popular book of poetry ever written. Whitman's style was romantic and sensitive at a time when the US Civil War raged across the land with all its brutality and suffering. He greatly loved America, nonetheless, volunteering to tend the wounded in Washington, D.C., and writing a popular tribute to Abraham Lincoln, "O. Captain! My Captain!" A favorite of presidents ever since, Whitman wrote poetry praising America and touting the virtues of democracy. He made a trip to Camden New Jersey a few days before his mother’s death and stayed there for the remainder of his own life.

Revlon Case Study

Revlon is known as one of the best cosmetic companies of all time and is considered to be one of the worlds largest. The primary core products of Revlon are specialty skin products, salon-quality beauty and hair products to include its drugstore line of makeup. Revlon is based in New York and traded publicly. Their goal and vision has been to consistently provide quality beauty aids and products at a reasonable price. In the last few years Revlon has been struggling. With a debt almost at $2. 3 billion it has required the cosmetic giant to try and figure ways to reduce this debt.The research and development of Vital Radiance, a line of cosmetics for older women was announced on January 2006, this roll out was suppose to help revitalize sales and profit. The roll out of this product did not fare well and was not received by the market. The already existing competition had lower prices for their cosmetic products. These were being sold by major retailers like Wal-greens and Wal-mart, w hom already had other Revlon products on its shelves. This being the case the product line was suspended nine months after being introduced. It is projected that this set back is going to cost the company in the $100 millions.In addition to the Vital Radiance launch, there had been plans to release a new fragrance in 2006 also. This was delayed until the debt that was incurred from their cosmetic introduction could be restructured. After issuing a $185 million in stock to attempt to raise money to lessen the debt, MacAndrews & Forbes Holdings agreed to purchase stock and also agreed to purchase any stock not bought by current stakeholders. The following paragraphs below we will discuss how the future of Revlon is going to be determined by changes in demographic changes, social trends and how the competition adjust to the urrent economy and the response of internal factors that contribute to the success of the company. The demographic composition of the United States has impacted the cosmetic and personal care industry. A couple of major changes which have occurred that need to be considered, are the aging population and ethnic and racial population changes which are responsible for a major shift change. The period between 1946 and 1964 approximately 75 million Americans were born in the U. S. this number is extremely symbolic for the cosmetic industry.These Americans are referred to as the baby boomers and the major dilemma with the baby boomers they do not like to spend money. Research has determined that the baby boomer generation have not changed how they spend money and the women from this era are working longer than in past years. A couple of other factors to consider is the U. S. teen market along with the ethnic and racial make-up. According to data collected the teen market is expected to be at around 20 million by 2010, this teen market consist of teenagers between the ages of 12 and 19.Along with this growth is the African Americans which is the larg est of the ethnic groups is quickly being surpassed by the Hispanic population and this ethnic group is expected to be the largest by 2010 and should surpass 40. 5 million individuals. In addition to this multi-cultural growth being experienced throughout the United States, the non-hispanic is expected to shrink 68% by 2010. If Revlon can take advantage of this growth and expand to the foreign markets where analysis has shown that there will be a lot of opportunities for potential sales of cosmetic and personal care products throughout the world.Obviously with when there are positive aspects in business, there is always some type of negative influence that could potentially affect the overall business climate and growth of a company. In regards to Revlon, people are more socially, morally and fiscal conscious more than ever before. Older people unfortunately are a negative affect because they typically have limited less disposable income and have a less desire for look good items, t hey are set in their ways. Gas prices affect how people spend also and lastly the industry has always been under scrutiny for the abuse of animals that are used in cosmetic testing.So companies like Revlon have to always be very aware that consumer watch groups are constantly monitoring what companies like Revlon are doing. Knowing this and maintaining social responsibility, will prevent companies like Revlon from being run through the courts thereby ruining their reputation and any potential growth to get out debt. Considering all these factors it behooves Revlon to really push the world markets so as not to limit themselves to U. S. sales, which currently is experiencing a recession which has decreased the dollar value throughout the world, so by taking advantage or global business and maintaining U.S. sales Revlon should be able to show a positive net income in the near future. Revlon like many other cosmetic and skin care firms face competition in this industry that is out of th is world. So many companies want a piece of this market, that it appear to be saturated with all types of cosmetic companies. Women, obviously the largest consumer in the industry with men now desiring to maintain their youth prefer to shop at local drugstores, super values stores like Wal-mart and Kmart.Additional companies like Avon and the internet have made it easier for the consumer to save time and money by using these types of sales. For Revlon, not only do companies, home shopping and door to door type cosmetic firms, represent competition, but the major competitors such Procter and Gamble, Avon, Estee Lauder and L’Oreal are significant, that capture U. S. sales and foreign market sales. Others like specialty stores Sephora and Body Shop to include Victoria Secret’s and the Gap to name a few represent additional challenges.To add to the challenges currently facing Revlon, there is competition for the African market. Famous models and singers alike have develope d their own brands and capturing portions of the African market and advertise to the African American community. By studying and analyzing the cosmetic market it is essential for Revlon to look to other avenues to make themselves more attractive to the consumer. By investing into the company increasing their visibility in the social realm will be significant in attracting a larger consumer base.Revlon invested a great deal of money on research and how to provide better services to women. More than $25 million dollars has been spent thus far. Additionally by using familiar faces to assist in amplifying Revlon’s commitment to social responsibility they are attracting more people. Singers like Sheryl Crow, who actively participates on a board for Revlon that is responsible for research cures for cancer in addition Ms Crow being associated with the National Breast Cancer Coalition, which is also supported by Revlon truly magnifies the maturity of the firm to help the ommunity. Re vlon is committed to events that sponsor fund raising opportunities to find cures in addition to supporting agencies like the National Council of Negro Women, and New York Women in film is indicative to the commitment to social responsibility. The reorganization of management to save money annually has been implemented by David Kennedy who is the CEO and was selected in 2006. His previous experience as Coca-Cola executive and the previous CFO for Revlon made him a perfect fit for a company under stress.His plan to cut 8% of the Revlon workforce, which equates to about 250 positions, which is intended to save the company approximately $34 million dollars a year. By consolidating different functions throughout the company and reducing middle management allows for eht reduction in personnel. However, without a doubt when a company plans to save money, they have to spend money to get there. It is estimated that it will cost about $29 million dollars to restructure but as previously stat ed it is intended to save the company $34 million dollars annually thereafter.Once implemented it is essential to go after the market by changing or reorganizing marketing techniques. Marketing and advertising are key to the survival of Revlon. Revlon primary customers are the large merchandisers and chain drug stores. Although the debt is high Revlon has still maintained the development side of its organization and is still is main objective. Without changing, developing and designing they would fall behind the major competitors. In 2006 Revlon spent a little over $24 million dollars on research and development, but most importantly hired 170 people to accomplish this.Even through trying times, advertising continues to be the way to go and promote the company. Investing in popular faces to be spokespersons such as Halle Berry, Julianne Moore and Eva Mendez, etc. , is attractive to the consumer and by using a variety of women of different ages markets their products to young and mid dle aged alike. The current manufacturing and distribution of Revlon has allowed the company to pull their resources and consolidate facilities.By reducing the amount of distribution facilities has allowed for spoke and hub operations, which allows a company to cover more locations from a single vantage point. With its current locations Revlon is well suited to manage its distribution points. The financial outlook during the restructuring period did not fare well with a net loss of $50 million dollars due to this the restructuring program is ongoing. Revlon’s commitment to build a solid brand and improve their organizational commitment abilities is their life line.

Stereotypes in Alcohol Advertising to Teenagers - 3305 Words

Stereotypes in Alcohol Advertising to Teenagers 1. Gender Messages in Alcohol Advertising Stereotypes refer to standardize and simplified conception of groups, based on some prior assumptions. For example, a girl might not choose to be an engineer as most of the people have set their minds that the profession is always a guy. This is what we call stereotyping. But, who says a girl cannot be an engineer? According to the Media/Impact: An Introduction to Mass Media, Ninth Edition by Biagi(2009/2010), journalists often use shorthand labels to characterize ethnic and other groups. The image of woman portrayed by the media has been the subject of significant contemporary studies by many media researchers. Observers†¦show more content†¦This is because Malaysia has different races, culture, and religions. Thus, to avoid conflict among each other culture, those alcohol advertisements have been changed to a more conservative promoting method. In Malaysia, alcohol advertisements only show in cinema, before the movie is being played, newspapers and magazine. But, some of the concept in male and female stereotypes still occurs in Malaysia alcohol advertising. For example, The Buddy of male stereotypes often shows in Malaysia alcohol advertising. The advertisers promote alcohol as a tool to unite the men with their friends and it is a very good moment to be together with friends accompanied by alcohol. On the other hand, the Party Girl of female stereotypes often occurs in Malaysia advertising. The advertisers promote that female with alcohol is stylish, sexy, glamorous, and she is the centre of the party. For example, the girl holding a glass of alcohol may surround by a group of guys showing that she is the centre of the party. These kinds of alcohol advertising that shown in Malaysia are different from oversea advertising as in the way of the attire and conservative degree. Oversea country such as United States applies Libertarian theory which stresses on freed om of the press allowing their media to publish or broadcast whatever they want through the media. So the female characters in their alcohol advertising can wear sexier and evenShow MoreRelatedThe Medias Influence on Teenagers on What They Watch, Read, and Listen 705 Words   |  3 Pagesthrough the media. TV programs, movies, advertising, magazines, and the web. These medias are more used by teenagers than any other group. Teenagers are very difficult to figure out what they watch, or read, or listen. It’s different, but all together it’s mostly the same. The TV programs have a lot of stereotypes towards teenagers. Girls think they can’t do things that guys do. There are programs out there that show those types of stereotypes and these stereotypes get into their head which makes themRead More Alcohol Television Commercials are Misleading Viewers Essay702 Words   |  3 PagesAlcohol Television Commercials are Misleading Viewers At any given time a person can turn on their television and find a commercial of some sort. Their main purpose is for them to throw information about their product to anyone who will listen. It is also common for this form of advertisement to be promoting an alcoholic beverage. Whether it’s a catchy song with the chorus chanting â€Å"This Bud’s for you!† or three frogs belching â€Å"Bud-Wei-Ser!†, viewers learn the slogans and use themRead MoreThe, Colorado And California A M Kingsville975 Words   |  4 Pagesrecognize that advertising is striking them more than they believe. Eating disorders and self-esteem problems are an unexpected result of advertising, to solve the problems, companies could use models with regular body shape, create a specific agency that controls the content of the commercials or the better solution is to create advertise showing the tremendous process in which models are suppressed. Advertising is the action of let people know about a specific product or idea. Advertising is nothingRead MoreAdvertising And The Global Epidemic Of False Advertising854 Words   |  4 PagesTelevision, magazines, phones, and Internet all contribute to the global epidemic of false advertising. Millions of Americans have a television or the most current news in there home, which contributes to society always wanting to be someone their not. On the contrary it is a great way to spread important news but consequently ads are showing the reality of how to promote stereotypes or have products we don’t need. As a consumer we get bombarded with ads for different services or products that justRead MoreThe Effects Of Binge Drinking On The Uk And The Health Problems1331 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Binge drinking is defined as people drinking plenty of alcohol in a short period of time or get drunk (NHS, 2014). In other words, binge drinking is drinking alcohol lead blood alcohol concentration (BAC) equal to or over 0.08g/dL. It means that when men drink more than 5 units of drinks and women have over 4 units of alcohol in around 2 hours is binge drinking.(NIH News,2014)Nowadays, binge drinking have a large proportion among youths in the UK, which lead to the health problemsRead MoreSociology- Role of Media Essay2016 Words   |  9 Pagesnewspapers, that have become some of society’s most important agents of socialization. In this paper I will talk about media and its effects on society today, things such as stereotypes the media portrays, the way media illustrates women and what that does to body images of women. I will also be talking about medias effects on teenagers, and sexualization in the media. Media has always played a huge role in our society. For a long time media was one of the methods of controlling people and leisure. Read MoreThe Effects Of Alcohol On Social Influences Within Health And Well Being1317 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction: Harmful use of alcohol contributes 3.3 million deaths every year according to WHO (2015), which is representative of 5.9% of all deaths across the globe. Despite governmental law of putting the drinking age to be 18 and over (UK and Ireland), Many studies reported that within the last ten years that have examined the drinking habits of young people, results show that UK teenagers are characterized by high levels of intoxication and binge drinking. (Binge drinking is defined by the NHSRead MoreEssay on How Television Impacts our Children1123 Words   |  5 Pages1950s, educators and parents began to ask legislators to do something about the amount of violence on TV. This concern still exists today. Parents have reservations about the quality of television programs intended for children, the amount of advertising aimed at young viewers, and the manner in which television depicts men, women and ethnic minorities. There are also apprehensions about the effects of the amount of time that children spend watching television in general. The quality of childrensRead MoreMarijuana Should Not Go Without Suspicion913 Words   |  4 PagesAt first thought, many may believe alcohol is the outright cause of such accidents, but at a closer look at the facts and figures one will discover that marijuana should not go without suspicion. The vast amounts of chemicals of which marijuana contains each have their own impacts unto the human body, not to mention the increasing use of the drug among teens. It is here then obvious that marijuana should be the headline of this ad campaign, in comparison to alcohol - a much less substantial drug. Read MoreTelevision s Impact On Teenagers Today1975 Words   |  8 Pages Palomar College Televisions Impact on Teenagers Today Shilpa Pryor Digital Broadcasting Arts 100 Lisa Faas 3 May 2015 Shilpa Pryor Professor Lisa Faas Digital Broadcasting Arts 100 3 May 2015 Television’s Impact on the Teenagers of Today The way teens have been portrayed on television over the years has evolved quite drastically. Now more than ever tv shows have catered towards this adolescent age group. Young people consume hours of television shows over the week, and it’s what they